Polishing-machine.



No. s37,|2|. Patentd Nov. I4, |899.

A. HusEBY. 9 PULISHING MACHINE.

' (Applicntion filed Apr. S. 1899.: w i lNo Modem 4 Sheets-Sheet l'. H

Ill l) s A. HusEBY. PULISHING MACHINE.

Patented Nov. I4, |899.

(Application led Apr. 3 1899.) '.No Model.) 4'Sheets--Sheet 2.

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Patented Nov. I4, |899.

A. HUSEBY.

PULISHING IIABHINE. (No Mode-L) (Application filed Apr. 3, 1899.)`

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ALBERT HUSEBY, CF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PoLlsi-IING-MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 637,121, dated November 14, 1899;

Application n'led April 3, 1899. Serial No. 711,532. (o model.)

To @ZZ whom it muy concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT HUsEBY, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and usefullmprovements in Polishing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the followin gis a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improved machine for rubbing and polishing smooth surfaces-such as those of pianos, furniture, or

parts thereof before the same have been put together-woodwork for house-nishing, granite, marble, and the like; and the invention consists in the matters hereinafter set forth, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the drawings illustrating one embodiment of myinvention, Figure l is a side elevation of a machine embodying myinvention. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section thereof. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section. Fig. 4. is an .enlarged view, partly `in section and partly in plan, of the pressure device. Fig. 5 is a vertical section of the same. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the machine. Fig. '7 is a detached detail view of one of the belt-supporting pulleys. Fig. 8 is a fragmentary detail showing the pressing or squeezing rollers which engage the belt above the bath-tank.

A machine embodying my invention embraces a suitable bed adapted to support the material to be operated upon; an endless polishing-belt, a portion of which travels in a a path parallel with the bed; a receptacle adapted to contain an abrasive substance, preferably held in suspension and through which said belt passes, a portion of the abrasive .snbstance clinging to the belt and being carried thereby to the article to be polished, and a suitable pressure device or presser for holding the belt in contact with the article which is to be polished.

As shown in said drawings, A A designate two parallel horizontal rails or bars supported on the upper ends of vertical standards or legs A', which rails constitute a bed or support for a horizontally-movable carriage B, upon which the articles to be polished are supported. Said bed and carriage will be made of any suitable form to accommodate the different classes of articles to be operated upon. As herein shown, these parts are similar to corresponding parts of an ordinary planing-machine. Said bed-rails are provided on their inner sides with guide-rails ct ct, upon which the carriage is supported. Said car-- riage in the present instance rests directly upon traveling rollers I, which rest and roll upon said rails a and are journaled upon' suitable bearing-pins ,which extend transversely between and are secured to parallel bars I', between which said rollers are confined. The carriage is adapted to move longitudinally of the bed and is actuated through the medium of a rack-bar J, connected with 'the lower side thereof, and a rotative pinion J', engaging said rack-bar. Said pinion is attached to a rotative shaft J2, journaled in the bed-rails A, and said shaft is driven from a main drivin g-shaft J 3, through the medium of the pinion J 4 thereon, which meshes with the gear-wheel J 5 on said shaft J 2. Said main driving-shaft J 3 isprovided with a suitable belt-pulley through which the shaft is driven from any suitable source of power, said pulley being constructed to form part o f an automatic carriage reversing or arresting device, which is of common form and need not be further eX- plained.

C designates an endless traveling belt, which is trained about pulleys D D', E E, and E' E', mounted above said bed transversely of the machine. Said belt is made of a suitable brous material, such as felt, and, vif necessary, will be provided on its inner side with a layer of strengthening material--s uch as canvas, rubber, or the like-to give durability thereto.

F designates a tank, which is located at the rear of the machine and in the present construction preferably at the level of the surface of the floor which supports the machine and is adapted to contain an abrasive bath, such as one of water, in which powdered pumice-stone or the like is held in suspension and through which the belt C passes. Said tank is made of a width equal to or greater than that of the belt and is provided with a rotative drum F', about which the belt C is trained, said drum being located at the bottom of the tank and connected with a shaft f, which is jourualed in suitable pillowblocks O O, supported on the door on each side of the tank. Said drum is rotated and the belt thereby caused to travel through the medium of a pulley F3, attached to the shaftf and located outside of the tank and driven from any suitable source of power. Said pulleys and drum are crowned to prevent the belt from slipping off of the same.

The pulleys D D'are mounted upon or near the upper ends of two laterallyseparated standards A2, which rise upwardly from the bed-rail A at the rear end of the machine. The pulley D is adjustably connected with the standards, whereby the same may perl'orm the function of a belt-tightener, and is also mounted so as to be capable of being tilted to throw it out of parallel with the other pulleys, and thereby tighten either edge of the belt more than the other in order to correct any inaccuracies in the movement of the belt due to unequal shrinkage of the latter. The pulleys E E are mounted in the upper part of a vertically-movable belt-carrying frame G, which is supported between upright guides H, which rise from the bed-rails near the front end of the machine, and the pulleys E' are mounted transversely in the lower end of said belt-frame and parallel with the top surface of the carriage B. The portion of the belt between said pulleys E' E is therefore sustained parallel with the top surface of the carriage and constitutes the part which acts upon the surface to be polished.

The guides H are four iu number, two being located on each side of the machine. The belt-carrying frame consists of four vertical members G', located one in contact with each of the guides H and parallel therewith, and horizontal end and side members G2 G3, united rigidly with said vertical members. Said frame is made vertically movable, whereby the horizontal part of the belt between the rollers E' E', carried by said frame, may be moved toward and from the carriage to accom niodate articles of varying thickness. As a convenient means for raising and lowering said frame devices are provided as follows: The vertical members G of said frame are provided in their sides adjacent to the guides H with vertically-arranged rack-bars G4, which are located within and have sliding engagement with vertical grooves hin the faces of said guides adjacent to said frame members, as shown in Fig. G. Each of said guides is provided with a gear-pinion G5, which pinions engage said rack-bars, said pinions projecting through openings in the guides, (as Shown in Fig. 2,) which intersect said grooves L therein. The gear-pinions G5 at both the front and rear sides of the frame are non-rotatively connected with a rotative shaft GG, which shafts are journaled in outwardly-directed flanges on said guides. Said shafts GG are preferably connected by a worm-gear connection whereby they may be rotated simultaneously. Said connections, as herein shown, consist of a horizontally-arranged ro tative screwthreaded shaft G7, which is mounted in bearings 72, on the outer faces of the guides H at one side of the machine, and worm-wheels GB, attached to the said shafts GG, which engage the screw-threads of said shaft G7. Said shaft is provided with a handwheel G9, by which it may be rotated and through the means described acts to move the frame G with respect to the guides, and thereby vary the distance between the active portion of the polishing-belt and carriage.

A suitable pressure device or presser is provided, which is adapted to engage the horizontal portion of the belt between the rollers E E' on the side thereof opposite that which engages the article to be polished and to hold the belt in close contact with the surface of said article. As a further and separate improvement I have provided a presser consisting of a plurality of independently-movable presser elements having relatively small contact-surfaces, whereby a practically uniform pressure is exerted upon the surface of the article which is being` polished, notwithstanding irregularities which may be present in such surface. This feature of my invention is made as follows:

K designates as a whole a presser-frame located inside of the frame G and connected with said frame by means permitting of vertical adjustment with respect thereto. Said presser-frame consists of two horizontal par allel plates K K2, connected at their ends by vertical plates K3. Said end plates are pro vided on each side thereof with vertical grooves 7c, which are engaged at the inner edges by the vertical mem bers G of the frame G, which latter constitutes vertical guides for the presser-frame. Said horizontal plates K' K2 of said frame are provided with a plurality of opposirely-arranged openings which constitute guide-apertures for a plurality of vertically-arranged stems K5, which latter project at their upper and lower ends beyond said plates and carry at their lower ends presser elements consisting of rollers K6, adapted to engage the belt C. Said stems have independent vertical movement with respect to the presser-frame and preferably have spring-pressed engagement with said fr nie,thereby permitting each of said presserrollers to accommodate itself to inequalities in the surface of the article which is being polished. As herein shown, the lower ends of said stems are made detachable and consist of forli-arms K4, between which the rollers are journaled. The shanks of said forkarms are made hollow, and the stems are secured thereto by being inserted in said hollow portions of the -shanks and held therein by transverse pins, as shown. In the present instance said stems K5 are surrounded by spiral springs K7, which are interposed between the upper ends of the Shanks of the forks K4 and shoulders on the upper plate K of said presser-frame and act expansively to IOO normally move the stems and rollers carried thereby downwardly against the belt. AS herein shown, the said shoulders consist of tubular nuts KS,- which are exteriorly screwthreaded and have screw-threaded engagement with the apertures in the upper plate K' of the pressure-frame and with the bores of which the stems have slid-ing engagement. With this construction the tension of the springs may be varied by turning the nuts inward or outward, as desired. Said presserframe is connected with the frame G, so as to vbe vertically movable therewith, and said connections are also constructed to give independent vertical movement to the presserframe, so that the pressure on the belt C exerted by the several presser elements as a whole may be varied. This is accomplished in the present instance as follows:

L L designate two vertically-arran ged screwthreaded shafts which are rotatively connected with the end members G2 of the frame G and are longitudinally immovable with respect thereto. As herein shown, said shafts rotatively engage both the upper and lower end members and are held from vertical movement by means of collars g, connected with the shaft by set-screws, as shown, and engaging the inner surface-of said end members. Saidshafts pass through and have screwthreaded engagement with vertical apertures in the end plates K5 of the presser-frame. With this construction when the shafts L are rotated the presser-frame carried thereby is vertically moved with respect to the frame G. Said shafts L are shown as connected, so as to be simultaneously rotated through the medium of a horizontally-rotative shaft L', mounted in bearings g', which project upwardly from the end members G2 of the frame and are provided near their ends with beveled gear-pinions Z, which engage other beveled gear-pinions Z on the upper ends of the shafts L. Said connecting-shaft is adapted for rotation by a hand-wheel L2.

ln order that the presser-rollers may exert a uniform pressure on the belt notwithstanding any irregularities which may be present in the surface of the -article which is being polished, said rollers are made of relatively short length and diameter, thereby reducing to a minimum the area of contact of each of the rollers with the belt. Said rollers are arranged in sets or rows which extend transversely of the machine, four of such sets being herein shown. As a furtherimprovement the rollers of each set are spaced at a distance apartv equal to or slightly greater than the length of said rollers, and the rollers of one set have overlapped relation to theirollers of the adjacent set, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5. This construction insures that all parts of the belt will come in contact with the rollers and at the same time provides spaces between the rollers for the bearing-arms of the stems K5, between which arms the rollers are journaled. So far as the essential features of myinvention are concerned, the pressure elements may consist of sliding shoes or springs instead of rollers K5, as herein shown.

The pulley D is mounted on the standards A2 by means permitting the same to be swung or oscillated vertically, whereby it may be moved to vary the tension of the belt. The construction by which this is accomplished is shown more clearly in Figs. 2 and 7 and is made as follows: Said pulley is journaled between the arms of a yoke A4, which latter is connected with a cross-bar A5, which extends between and is rotatively mounted at its opposite ends in suitable apertures in the standards A2. A5 A6 designate endwise-movable rods located on opposite sides of the machine and connected at their upper ends with the opposite ends of the yoke A4and at their lower ends with adjusting and locking devices by which said .pulley may be properly adjusted and locked rigidly to said frame. Said adjusting and locking devices, as herein shown, consist of levers A7 A7, pivoted to the standards A of the frame of the machine, on each side thereof, and provided with rigid angular arms A8 A8, connected with the lower ends of said rods. Said levers are provided with suitable spring-pressed pawls operated by thumblevers, which pawls are adapted to engage -notches in segmental racks A9, mounted on said machine-frame adjacent to the levers. W'ith this construction the shifting-levers A7 act through the said arms As and the connecting-rods to swing the pulleys D bodily, and thereby vary the tension of the belt. Said pulley, as before stated, is mounted so as te be capable of being tilted, and thereby correct any irregularities in the travel of the belt upon the pulleys due to unequal shrinkage or inequality in the length of its side margins. This is accomplished by providing the yoke AtL centrally thereof with a pivotstud ct, which is adapted to engage a bearingaperture located in the cross-bar A5, near the longitudinalcenterthereof. Thisadjustment may be effected by the same levers A7 which act, as before explained, to swing the pulley vertically.

The tank F is provided at its upper end with a chute f', through which the abrasive material and the water may be fed thereinto, and is also provided at its end with an outlet-passage f2, through which the contents of said tank may be drained therefrom. Preferably said tank will be provided with a cover f3, secured thereon in any suitable manner, which cover is provided with suitable slits for the passage of the laps of the belt therethrough. Desirable means will be provided within or upon the tank for compressing the belt after it has passed through the bath within the tank to remove the excess of liquid therefrom and maintain a uniform degree of moisture in the belt as it passes from the tank. Devices for this purpose are made as follows: M M designate rollers located within the upper end of IOO IIO

IIS

the tank, one on each side of the rear lap of the belt C. Said rollers are provided with j ournal-shafts m m', which extend outwardly through the walls of the tank and are r0- tatively mounted in rearwardly-extending brackets A10on the machin e-frame. The rear roller N is mounted in stationary bearings, while the front roller M is mounted in movable bearing-blocks A11, which have sliding engagement with the brackets A10, whereby said roller M may be moved toward and from the roller M. Suitable slots are provided in the brackets A10 and adjacent parts of the wall of the tank to permit such movement of the shaft m of said roller. Said movable blocks are actuated through the medium of rotative shafts M2, which have bearing in lugs a2 on the frame. Said shafts are immovable longitudinally thereof with respect to the frame and provided at their rear ends with screw-threaded portions m2, which have engagement with screw-threaded apertures in laterally-extended arms M3 on said sliding bearing-blocks. Vith this construction rotation of said shafts will act to move said bearing-blocks and connected rollers toward or away from the rollers M as desired. Said shafts are rotated through the medium of beveled gear-pinions M4 on each side of the machine, attached to rotative shafts M1, which gear-pinions mesh with other gear-pinions M1i on the forward end of said shafts M2.

It may be desirable in some instances to supply the belt with a greater amount of abrasive substance employed than will adhere to the same in its passage through the bath within the tank F. This is conveniently accomplished as follows:

N designates a suitable hopper located transversely above the belt, in the part thereof in front of the pulley D, said hopper being secured to an upwardly-extending plate A12, connected with the standards A2. Said hopper is provided on its lower end with an opening, through which said abrasive substance may be discharged therethrough either by gravity or otherwise. As herein shown, said substance is discharged from the hopper by means of a rotative shaft N', arranged longitudinally of the hopper and with the upper surface located within the dischargeopening thereof. Between the rear wall of the hopper and the shaft is left'a narrow opening, through which the abrasive substance clinging to the shaft may pass, and the front wall of the hopper fits closely upon the shaft and acts when the latter is rotated to scrape said substance therefrom, which will fall upon the surface of the belt. Said shaft is journaled in a suitable bearing a2,connected with said plate A12, and is provided on one end thereof, outside of the adjacent bearing, with a driving-pulley N2, which is connected by a belt with a pulley F2, attached to the outer end of the shaft f of the drum F. Said pulley N2 is normally loose on the shaft N and is adapted to be connected therewith when it is desired to rotate the shaft through the medium of a sliding clutch P of ordinary construction. Said clutch is adapted to be actuated by means of a bellcrank lever P', Which is pivoted at its angle to a forwardly-extending arm a1, connected with the plate A12, as shown in Fig. 6, said lever being connected at one end with said sliding clutch and at its other end With an endWise-movable rod P2, which extends at its opposite ends toward the forward end of the machine and has bearing in a suitable guidearm a5, connected with one of the guides H. With this construction movement of said rod P2 endwise acts to move said clutch to conneet and disconnect the shaft and pulley.

ln the operation of a machine constructed as thus described the tank F is first supplied with a desired abrasive fluid and the article to be polished-as, for instance, the board R shown in Fig. 2-is placed upon the carriage, said board being held thereon by gages b b, engaging the opposite ends thereof. The drum F and carriage-actuating mechanism are then connected with the actuating mechanism, which gives movement to the belt and causes the carriage to move inwardly and carry the board under the polishing-belt and in contact therewith. Said machine will be so geared as to give the belt a speed relatively greater than that of the carriage when the active parts thereof move in the same direction, a proper proportion being about twenty to one-that is to say, the belt will travel about twenty feet while the carriage and article mounted thereon are moving one foot. The abrasive substance of the bath will cling to the belt and will be carried thereby to the surface of the board or other article Which is being polished and applied to the surface by said belt under the pressure given thereto by the presser device. The action of said presser device will be regulated with reference to the article being polished, it being obvious that an article having a hard surface, such as a marble slab, will require a greater pressure than one made of a less dense or hard material. Owing to the construction of the presser device described, in which the rollers are made relatively small and each individual roller is independently movable, all part of the surface of the article being polished is subjected to practically the same pressure, notwithstanding said surface may be irregular and uneven. This would obviously not be true if the rollers were made of a length equal to the width of the belt or were not independently movable, as in that case any depression in the surface being polished would not have proper contact with the polishingbelt. Vthen water is used as an ingredient of the bath within the tank, it will serve to reduce the heat due to friction between the belt and the article being polished. The upper surface of the carriage will desirably be provided with a trough-like depression or groove B, located near its edges and extending around the same, adapted to receive the IOC.

IIO

Water pressed out of the belt during the polishing action thereof. Said groove will be provided With a drainage-aperture, through which the Water may be drained to any desired point, preferably to the tank F. Owing to the relative speed of the carriage and polishing-belt such articles as boards or pieces of furniture which it is desired to polish after the same have received the required number of coats of Varnish Will usually receive the required finish after passing once under the polishing-belt. Should further polishing be required, the machine may be reversed and the article passed under the belt again, and this operation repeated as often as required.

So far as the main features of the invention are concerned, the carriage may be made of any required form to accommodate the article to be polished. For instance, it may be desirable in some cases to polish the tops of such articles of furniture as tables, bureaus, and the like after the same have been set up, in Which case a different form of carriage Would obviously need to be employed. Furthermore, it is obvious that the same results Would be secured, especially for small articles, if the presser device were located under the belt and adapted to press upwardly and the article to be polished were applied to and held upon the belt by manual force.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination with a bed, of an endless traveling belt, a portion of which is parallel with the upper surface of said bed, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through which said belt passes, and means for moving said parallel portion of th e belt toward and from the bed Without disturbing the relation thereof to said tank.

2. The combination With a bed, of an endless traveling belt, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, and a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained.

3. The combination with an endless traveling belt, and supporting-rollers for the same, of a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, apulleyin said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, and a presser applied to a portion of the belt.

4. The combination with a belt and a traveling carriage thereon, of an endless traveling belt a portion of which is located above and parallel with the upper surface of said carriage, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, and a presser applied to said parallel portion of the belt.

5. The combination of an endless traveling belt, supporting-pulleys for the same, and a presser consisting of a plurality of independently-movable presser elements adapted to engage. said belt, said presser elements having bearing-surfaces of small area and arranged in sets which extend transversely across the belt.

6. The combination of an endless traveling belt, supporting-pulleys for the same, and a presser consisting of a plurality of independently-movable spring-pressed presser elements adapted to engage a portion of said belt, said presser elements having bearingsurfaces of small area-and arranged in sets which extend transversely across the belt.

7. rlhe combination of an endless traveling belt, supporting-pulleys for the same, and a presser consisting of a plurality of sets of presser-rollers each set comprising a plurality of independently-movable presser-rollers arranged transversely of the belt and adapted to engage a portion of said belt.

8. The combination With an endless traveling belt and supporting-pulleys for the same, of a presser consisting of a plurality of independen tly-movable presser-rollers adapted to engage a portion of said belt, said rollers being arranged in sets extending across the belt and the rollers of the several sets being arranged in overlapped relation. y

9. The combination With an endless traveling belt and supporting-pulleys for the same, of a tank adapted to cont-ain an abrasive bath, a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, and a presser consisting of a plurality of independentlymovable presser elements adapted to engage -said belt.

10. The combination of an endless traveling belt, supporting-pulleys for the same, a presser comprising a plurality of independently-movable presser elements adapted to engage a portion of said belt, and means for moving said presser as a Whole With respect to the portion of said belt engaged thereby.

11. The combination with a bed, a traveling carriage thereon, and a traveling endless belt a portion of which is located parallel With the supporting-surface of said carriage, of a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, and a presser engaging the' side of the belt opposite to that of the article which is being polished.

12. The combination of a bed, a verticallymovable belt-frame and supporting-pulleys, a portion of said belt being parallel with the bed of a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, a presser connected with said belt-frame and applied to a portion of the belt, and means for adjusting said beltframe and presser device With respect to the said bed.

13. The combination of a bed, a verticallymovable belt-frame, upright guides for said frame, a traveling belt trained about supporting-pulleys on said belt-frame, a tan-k adapted to contain an abrasive bath through Ioo which said belt passes, a presser connected With said belt-frame and acting on a portion of the belt, and means for adjusting said beltframe and presser device embracing rack-andpinion mechanism connected with said frame and guides.

14. The combination with a bed, a vertically-movable belt-frame, and a traveling belt trained about supporting-pulleys on said beltframe, of a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath, a pulley in said tank adapted to be submerged in said bath and around which said belt is trained, a presser connected with said belt-frame and acting on a portion of the belt, and means for giving movement to said presser with respect to said belt-frame.

15. The combination of a bed, a verticallymovable belt-frame, a traveling belt trained about supporting-pulleys on said belt-frame, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through which said belt passes, a presser connected with said belt-frame and applied to a portion of the belt, said presser consisting of a plurality of independently-movable presser elements, and means forgiving vert-ical movement to said presser with respect to said beltframe.

16. The combination of an endless traveling belt, a presser applied to a portion of the belt, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through which said belt passes, and supporting-rollers for the belt, one of said rollers being mounted in a movable bearing.

17. The combination of a plurality of pulleys having their axes arranged parallel with each other, an endless abrasive belt trained about the same, and means for tilting one of said pulleys to incline the axis thereof to the axes of the other pulleys.

18. The combination of a plurality of pulleys having their axes arranged parallel with each other, and an endless belt trained about the same, one of said pulleys being supported by means permitting it to be oscillated about an axis parallel with the axis of said pulley and to be also tilted to incline its axis to the axes of the other rollers.

19. The combination of an endless traveling belt, supporting-rollers for the same, a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through Which said belt passes, and a hopper located above said belt and arranged to discharge its contents thereon.

20. The combination with an endless traveling belt, of a vertically-adjustable belt-carrying frame, a tank for containing an abrasive bath,and supporting-pulleys for the belt,some of which are mounted on the belt-carrying frame, and which are located in position to maintain portions of the belt between the tank and carrying-frame in a horizontal position to permit vertical adjustment of the frame Without loosening the belt..

21. The combination with a bed and an endless traveling belt, ot' a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through which said belt passes, and pressing or squeezing rollers applied to said belt above said bath.

22. The combination with atraveling Workcarrying carriage, and an endless traveling belt, of a tank adapted to contain an abrasive bath through which said belt passes, and means for giving longitudinal movement to said carriage and for moving said belt, said belt being driven at a speed relatively greater than said carriage.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses, this 1st day of April, A. D. 1899.

ALBERT HUSEBY.

Witnesses:

STUART H. BROWN, WILLIAM L. HALL. 

